< Back Why Women Lose Iron: The Hidden Signs of Iron Deficiency and How to Restore Your Energy Naturally Discover the hidden signs of iron deficiency in women, why ferritin matters more than haemoglobin, and how iron testing, supplementation, and iron infusions can help restore energy and wellbeing. Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies in women, yet it remains one of the most frequently overlooked causes of fatigue, hair loss, brain fog, and poor wellbeing. Many women are told their blood tests are "normal" despite experiencing symptoms that significantly affect their quality of life. The reason? Often, the wrong blood test has been used. We regularly see women struggling with symptoms of low iron levels who have never had their iron stores properly assessed. In this article, we'll explain: Why standard blood tests can miss iron deficiency The symptoms of low ferritin in women Why perimenopausal and menopausal women are particularly at risk How our Iron Health Programme investigates iron properly When iron supplementation or iron infusion therapy may be appropriate Why Standard Iron Tests Often Miss Iron Deficiency Many people believe that checking iron levels means measuring haemoglobin. While haemoglobin is important, it only tells part of the story. Haemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying protein found within red blood cells. When haemoglobin falls below a certain level, anaemia is diagnosed. However, by the time this happens, iron stores may have been depleted for months or even years. The Importance of Ferritin Ferritin is the body's iron storage protein and provides a much clearer picture of your iron reserves. You can have: ✅ Normal haemoglobin❌ Low ferritin❌ Significant symptoms This condition is known as iron deficiency without anaemia , and it is incredibly common in women. Many laboratories use wide reference ranges and only flag ferritin when levels become extremely low. However, many women experience symptoms long before reaching these thresholds. Symptoms of Low Ferritin in Women Low iron stores can affect almost every system in the body. Common symptoms include: Persistent Fatigue Feeling exhausted despite getting enough sleep is often one of the earliest signs. Brain Fog and Poor Concentration Difficulty focusing, remembering information, or finding the right words can occur when iron stores are depleted. Hair Loss and Hair Thinning Research suggests ferritin levels below 40 µg/L are associated with increased hair shedding and reduced hair density. Breathlessness Women may notice they become short of breath climbing stairs or exercising, even when they were previously fit and active. Low Mood and Anxiety Iron is involved in the production of dopamine and serotonin, neurotransmitters that influence mood, motivation, and mental wellbeing. Other Symptoms Restless legs Palpitations Cold hands and feet Brittle nails Pale skin Reduced exercise performance Why Women Are More Likely to Develop Iron Deficiency Heavy Periods and Menstrual Blood Loss The most common cause of iron deficiency in women is blood loss through menstruation. Women with: Heavy periods Flooding Fibroids Adenomyosis Perimenopausal bleeding changes can lose iron faster than it can be replaced through diet. Perimenopause and Iron Deficiency During perimenopause, hormonal fluctuations can lead to: Heavier periods Longer periods More frequent cycles Over time, this can significantly deplete iron stores. Dietary Factors Women following vegetarian or vegan diets may be at increased risk because plant-based iron is less easily absorbed than iron from animal sources. Absorption can also be reduced by: Tea and coffee Calcium supplements Certain medications Coeliac disease Helicobacter pylori infection Iron Deficiency and Menopause: Why Symptoms Can Be Confused One of the biggest challenges is that low ferritin symptoms often overlap with menopause symptoms. Both can cause: Fatigue Brain fog Poor concentration Low mood Hair changes Reduced motivation This means iron deficiency may be missed or wrongly attributed solely to hormonal changes. At Bristol Health Hub, we frequently assess both hormone health and iron status to ensure important deficiencies are not overlooked. How We Assess Iron Properly Our Iron Health Programme is designed to identify iron deficiency accurately and provide a personalised treatment plan. Blood Tests Included We assess: Ferritin Full Blood Count (FBC) Active B12 Thyroid Function Tests C-Reactive Protein (CRP) This allows us to understand the full picture rather than relying on haemoglobin alone. What Is an Optimal Ferritin Level? While laboratory ranges vary, many women report feeling significantly better when ferritin levels reach: 70–100 µg/L At this level many women experience improvements in: Energy Concentration Exercise tolerance Hair health Mood Our goal is not simply to prevent anaemia but to optimise wellbeing. Treatment Options for Low Iron: Iron Supplements Many women benefit from iron bisglycinate, which is often gentler on the stomach than traditional iron preparations. To improve absorption: Take with Vitamin C Avoid tea and coffee around supplementation Separate from calcium supplements Take away from thyroid medication Dietary Support We help women increase iron intake through practical dietary strategies and identify potential absorption issues where appropriate. Addressing the Underlying Cause Simply replacing iron is not enough. We also investigate: Heavy menstrual bleeding Perimenopausal hormone changes Dietary factors Gastrointestinal causes Medication effects When Is an Iron Infusion Recommended? For some women, oral iron supplements are not enough. An iron infusion may be considered when: Ferritin is significantly depleted Symptoms are severe Oral iron is poorly tolerated Absorption is impaired Faster replenishment is required Our clinician-led Iron Infusion Treatment Package combines: Advanced blood testing Iron sucrose infusion therapy Follow-up blood testing Nutritional support Ongoing monitoring This provides a comprehensive approach to restoring iron levels safely and effectively. Frequently Asked Questions About Iron Deficiency Can I Have Low Iron Without Anaemia? Yes. Iron deficiency without anaemia is extremely common and can cause significant symptoms even when haemoglobin levels remain normal. What Ferritin Level Causes Symptoms? Symptoms can occur at various levels, but many women report fatigue, hair loss, and brain fog when ferritin falls below 50 µg/L. Can Low Iron Cause Anxiety? Low ferritin may contribute to anxiety, low mood, reduced resilience, and poor concentration due to its role in neurotransmitter production. Can Menopause Cause Low Iron? Menopause itself does not cause iron deficiency, but the heavy and irregular bleeding often experienced during perimenopause can significantly deplete iron stores. Take the Next Step If you're struggling with persistent fatigue, brain fog, hair loss, low mood, or breathlessness and have been told your blood tests are "normal", it may be time to take a closer look at your iron stores. Our Iron Health Programme and Iron Infusion Service are designed to identify the root cause of your symptoms and create a personalised plan to help restore your energy, vitality, and wellbeing. Book Your Iron Health Assessment Today Discover whether low ferritin could be the missing piece of your health puzzle and take the first step towards feeling like yourself again. Book here Get in Touch If you would like a personal Wellwoman Check, or are suffering from any of the symptoms of the menopause and would like to learn more, please head to our contact page to book an appointment. You'll be so glad you did! Contact Us

< Back Menopause & Weight Gain — What’s Normal and What You Can Change Midlife weight gain is common but manageable. Discover the real reasons it happens and practical steps to support healthy, sustainable weight control. Menopause & Weight Gain, What’s Normal and What You Can Change If you’re eating the same, exercising the same, but gaining weight it’s not your imagination. Hormonal changes slow metabolism, alter insulin sensitivity, and encourage fat to settle around the middle. The good news? Weight gain is not inevitable and it is absolutely possible to feel strong, healthy and confident again. What’s Really Happening in Midlife Metabolism slows by around 200 calories per day Insulin resistance can increase, especially with poor sleep Muscle mass gradually drops Stress hormones encourage fat storage Practical Strategies That Actually Work 1. Strength train 2–3 times per week This is the single best thing you can do for your metabolism. 2. Increase protein Aim for 1–1.2 g/kg/day to retain muscle. 3. Cut back on alcohol It disrupts sleep and slows fat burning. 4. Consider a medical weight-loss review If lifestyle changes aren’t shifting weight, specialist support can. Want personalised guidance? Book a menopause and weight review at Bristol Menopause Clinic today. Get in Touch If you would like a personal Wellwoman Check, or are suffering from any of the symptoms of the menopause and would like to learn more, please head to our contact page to book an appointment. You'll be so glad you did! Contact Us

< Back Fatigue and Menopause: When Exhaustion Isn’t Just in Your Head Alternative Therapies, Managing Symptoms, Self-Care, Wellbeing Are you constantly running on empty, even after a full night’s sleep? Do you feel like your energy has vanished, and no amount of coffee or rest seems to help? If you’re in your 40s or 50s and feeling this way, you’re not alone—and you’re not imagining it. Fatigue is one of the most common (and most overlooked) symptoms of perimenopause and menopause. At Bristol Menopause Clinic, we support women through every stage of hormonal change, helping you understand your symptoms, regain your energy, and feel more like you again. Why Am I So Tired All the Time? Fatigue during menopause is different from regular tiredness. It’s often described as a bone-deep exhaustion, affecting both mind and body. You might feel foggy, irritable, and unable to focus. Tasks you once handled with ease suddenly feel overwhelming. This isn’t laziness or burnout—it’s hormonal. How Hormones Affect Your Energy During perimenopause and menopause, your reproductive hormones—especially oestrogen, progesterone, and testosterone—fluctuate and decline. These hormones play a vital role in everything from sleep to stress response, brain function, and mood regulation. Here’s how the changes affect your energy levels: Oestrogen Helps regulate mood, sleep, and body temperature When it drops, you may experience night sweats, poor sleep, low mood, and brain fog—all of which contribute to fatigue Progesterone Has a calming, sleep-promoting effect Its decline can lead to anxiety, restlessness, and disrupted sleep Testosterone Supports stamina, drive, and muscle mass Low levels can leave you feeling flat, unmotivated, and physically weak It’s not just hormonal changes, either. Many women are also dealing with busy careers, parenting teenagers, or caring for ageing parents—all while their bodies are going through major shifts. Fatigue or Something Else? It’s easy to chalk fatigue up to stress or ageing, but it’s important to rule out other causes such as: Thyroid dysfunction Iron-deficiency anaemia Vitamin B12 or D deficiency Long COVID Sleep apnoea Depression or anxiety At Bristol Menopause Clinic, we take a full health history and offer advanced blood testing to uncover all possible causes—not just hormonal ones. What Can You Do About Menopausal Fatigue? The good news? You can get your energy back. Here’s how we support our patients: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Tailored HRT can help balance your hormones, improve sleep, reduce brain fog, and restore vitality. It’s safe for most women and can be life-changing when prescribed correctly. Sleep Support We help address sleep disruption through: Sleep hygiene strategies CBT-i (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia) Melatonin or other sleep aids if appropriate Lifestyle & Nutrition Guidance Blood sugar balance and protein-rich meals to avoid energy crashes Magnesium, vitamin D, or iron supplementation where needed Stress reduction strategies (breathwork, journaling, boundaries) Movement That Works with Your Body You don’t need to “push through.” We help you find the right kind of exercise to boost energy gently—like walking, yoga, or strength training tailored to midlife. You’re Not Lazy. You’re Not Broken. You’re Hormonal. So many women come to us saying, “I just don’t feel like myself anymore.” They’ve been told to “get on with it” or “wait it out.” But struggling through menopause without support isn’t a badge of honour—it’s unnecessary. Fatigue doesn’t have to be your new normal. Let’s Find Your Energy Again At Bristol Menopause Clinic, we take a compassionate, medical approach to menopause and midlife health. We’ll help you: Understand what’s happening to your body Get personalised testing and care Create a realistic, tailored plan for more energy and better wellbeing You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Get in Touch If you would like a personal Wellwoman Check, or are suffering from any of the symptoms of the menopause and would like to learn more, please head to our contact page to book an appointment. You'll be so glad you did! Contact Us

< Back How Two of the Biggest Women's Health Studies Held Us Back Perimenopause, Post Menopause For decades, women’s health has been underserved, underfunded, and misunderstood. Yet two of the most influential studies in the field — the Million Women Study (MWS) in the UK and the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) in the US were hailed as landmark contributions to science. They involved hundreds of thousands of women and were designed to clarify risks around hormone replacement therapy (HRT), particularly in postmenopausal women. But what if I told you these very studies, despite their size and scale, may have unintentionally held back progress in women’s health? As a menopause specialist, I believe we must acknowledge not only what these studies taught us but what they cost us. A Quick Recap: The Studies That Shaped Menopause Care The Million Women Study (UK) Recruited : 1.3 million women aged 50–64 (1996–2001) Focus : The effects of HRT, lifestyle, and reproductive history on cancer risk Key finding : Combined HRT use was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer Outcome : A wave of caution across UK medical practice; many women were stopped or denied HRT, sometimes overnight The Women’s Health Initiative (US) Recruited : Over 160,000 postmenopausal women (1991–1998) Focus : Risks and benefits of HRT, dietary change, and supplements on chronic disease Key finding : Combined oestrogen-progestogen therapy increased the risk of breast cancer, stroke, and cardiovascular disease Outcome : A highly publicised 2002 announcement led to a global drop in HRT prescribing and lasting fear among women and clinicians Where It Went Wrong 1. Generalising the Risks — Without Context Both studies included mostly older postmenopausal women (average age 63 in the WHI), yet their findings were applied across the board even to younger women in their 40s and early 50s, the very group most likely to experience significant menopause symptoms and consider HRT. We now understand that age and timing matter greatly . Starting HRT near the onset of menopause carries different risks (and often benefits) compared to starting it a decade later. But this important nuance was lost in the headlines. 2. Risk-Focused, Not Quality-of-Life Focused Both the WHI and MWS prioritised disease risk: heart attacks, cancer, stroke. What they didn’t measure meaningfully was quality of life : sleep, energy, mood, mental clarity, libido, joint pain the very symptoms women seek relief from during menopause. This helped entrench a medical culture where symptom relief was viewed as optional or cosmetic, not worthy of risk. 3. Media Panic and Clinical Paralysis The WHI’s 2002 press release “risks outweigh the benefits "caused global panic. HRT prescriptions plummeted. Women were told to stop treatment. Doctors became fearful of prescribing. This fear endured for years. Research funding dried up. Pharmaceutical development in women’s hormones stagnated. It became easier to do nothing than to offer personalised care. 4. One-Size-Fits-All Conclusions The studies treated HRT as a single, uniform treatment. But we now know: Route matters : Transdermal oestrogen carries lower clot risk than oral forms. Type matters : Body-identical hormones may carry different risk profiles from synthetic versions. Dose matters : Lower doses may offer symptom relief with fewer side effects. These nuances weren’t explored. The result? An entire generation of women missed out on personalised, evidence-based care. What We’ve Learned and What We Must Do Today, slowly, the narrative is shifting. Updated guidelines from the British Menopause Society (BMS), International Menopause Society (IMS), and NICE now support: Individualised risk assessment Starting HRT around the time of menopause, not years later Recognising the role of HRT in improving quality of life Addressing the risks of not treating menopause symptoms (e.g. sleep disruption, bone loss, cardiovascular decline) But there is still much to rebuild. We lost years of progress to fear. We under-researched the complexity of hormone therapy. We left millions of women without support — not because the science told us to, but because it was misunderstood, misapplied, and overgeneralised. As Menopause specialists, Our Responsibility Is Clear We must: Demand better-designed studies that reflect the real-life diversity of women’s experiences. Push for funding in women's midlife health , not just reproductive or cancer care. Include quality of life as a meaningful, measurable health outcome. Stop treating women's symptoms as something to “put up with” and instead ask how we can treat them safely, effectively, and compassionately. Moving Forward The Million Women Study and WHI taught us a lot. But they also silenced important conversations, stifled innovation, and delayed progress in menopause care. Now is the time to reframe the conversation with better data, more respect for complexity, and a commitment to centring women in research that is for them, not just about them. Get in Touch If you would like a personal Wellwoman Check, or are suffering from any of the symptoms of the menopause and would like to learn more, please head to our contact page to book an appointment. You'll be so glad you did! Contact Us

< Back How Menopause Affects Heart Health Cardiovascular Advice, Managing Symptoms, Menopause Advice, Post Menopause, Perimenopause February is Heart Health Month and there’s something we urgently need to talk about.... The powerful link between menopause and cardiovascular health. For decades, menopause conversations focused on hot flushes, brain fog and sleep disruption. When I began training in the 1980s, clinicians weren’t even taught about the cardiovascular impact of hormonal decline. Today, we know better. Menopause is not just a hormonal milestone, It is a cardiovascular turning point . Why Menopause Increases Heart Disease Risk For most of your adult life, oestrogen protects your heart . It: Keeps blood vessels flexible Supports healthy cholesterol balance (raises HDL, lowers LDL) Reduces inflammation in arterial walls Helps regulate blood pressure When oestrogen levels fall during perimenopause and menopause , that protection declines. As a result: LDL cholesterol often rises Blood vessels stiffen Blood pressure increases Insulin sensitivity can worsen Visceral fat tends to increase By the mid-sixties, a woman’s risk of heart disease equals that of a man the same age. This surprises nearly every patient I see. The Reality: Heart Disease Is the Leading Cause of Death in Women In the UK, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in women , far exceeding breast cancer, yet it receives far less awareness. Women are: Less likely to recognise cardiac symptoms Less likely to be investigated promptly More likely to have symptoms attributed to stress or anxiety And importantly, heart attack symptoms in women often look different . Instead of crushing chest pain, women may experience: Unexplained fatigue Breathlessness Jaw, neck or back discomfort Nausea Palpitations These are frequently mistaken for menopause symptoms — and dismissed. We must change that. The “Timing Hypothesis”: HRT and Heart Health The conversation around HRT and cardiovascular risk has evolved significantly. When initiated: Within 10 years of menopause Before age 60 In appropriate candidates HRT may offer a cardioprotective effect . This is known as the “timing hypothesis.” The widespread fear following early 2000s research has been reassessed in light of more robust, long-term data. HRT is not suitable for everyone, but blanket avoidance is no longer evidence-based medicine. This is why individualised discussion with a specialist matters. Menopause: A Window of Opportunity for Prevention While menopause increases cardiovascular risk, it also offers something powerful: An opportunity for intervention. This is the moment to: Know Your Numbers During perimenopause, even previously healthy women may see changes in: Blood pressure Lipid profile Blood glucose Weight and waist circumference Regular monitoring matters. Reassess Lifestyle The hormonal shift changes how your body responds to: Exercise Diet Alcohol Stress Strength training has particularly strong evidence for: Cardiovascular protection Bone density preservation Blood pressure reduction I personally never strength trained before menopause, now I do it weekly, and it has transformed my blood pressure and overall health. Take Symptoms Seriously Palpitations and breathlessness are common during menopause — but should always be properly assessed. Never assume. Never dismiss. Never allow yourself to be dismissed. Menopause and Heart Health in Bristol: What We Do Differently At Bristol Menopause Clinic , menopause care is not symptom management in isolation. We assess: Hormonal health Cardiovascular risk Metabolic markers Lifestyle patterns Family history Because menopause care done properly is an investment in: Your heart Your brain Your bones Your long-term independence Every consultation takes a whole-person approach, grounded in current evidence and tailored to you. Perimenopause, Postmenopause and Your Heart: Don’t Wait If you are in perimenopause or postmenopause and have not had a structured cardiovascular review alongside your hormonal care, this is your sign. The risks are real. But so is the opportunity to reduce them. Menopause is not just something to “get through.” It is a chance to actively protect your future health. Book a Menopause & Heart Health Review To book a consultation at Bristol Menopause Clinic , visit our website here or call the clinic directly. Get in Touch If you would like a personal Wellwoman Check, or are suffering from any of the symptoms of the menopause and would like to learn more, please head to our contact page to book an appointment. You'll be so glad you did! Contact Us

< Back World Heart Rhythm Week: Understanding Heart Rhythm Disorders, Palpitations and Menopause Cardiovascular Advice Exploring the connection between menopause, heart palpitations and cardiovascular health during midlife and beyond. Why Heart Rhythm Matters When we think about heart health, conditions such as heart attacks, high cholesterol and high blood pressure often come to mind. However, the rhythm of the heart is equally important. During World Heart Rhythm Week , healthcare professionals and organisations worldwide work to raise awareness of heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmias) and encourage people to recognise symptoms that should not be ignored. Your heart beats approximately 100,000 times each day, pumping oxygen-rich blood around the body. Normally, these beats occur in a regular, coordinated pattern. While it is natural for the heart rate to increase during exercise and slow down during rest, sometimes the heart's electrical system can become disrupted, causing an abnormal heart rhythm, known as an arrhythmia . Some arrhythmias are harmless and temporary, while others may require medical assessment, monitoring or treatment. What Are the Symptoms of a Heart Rhythm Disorder? People experience heart rhythm disturbances in different ways. Common symptoms may include: A racing heartbeat (tachycardia) Fluttering or flickering sensations in the chest Feeling that the heart has skipped beats Sudden pounding or forceful heartbeats Dizziness or light-headedness Shortness of breath Fatigue or reduced exercise tolerance Chest discomfort Fainting or near-fainting episodes While occasional palpitations can be common, particularly during times of stress or hormonal change, persistent or worsening symptoms should always be assessed by a healthcare professional. Atrial Fibrillation: The Most Common Heart Rhythm Disorder One of the most common arrhythmias is atrial fibrillation (AF) . AF occurs when the upper chambers of the heart (the atria) beat irregularly and out of sync with the lower chambers (the ventricles). Atrial fibrillation becomes more common with age and affects millions of people worldwide. If left untreated, AF can increase the risk of stroke, heart failure and other cardiovascular complications. Symptoms of atrial fibrillation may include: Irregular or rapid heartbeat Palpitations Breathlessness Fatigue Dizziness Reduced ability to exercise Some people experience no symptoms at all, which is why regular health checks are important. Menopause and Heart Palpitations For many women, recognising heart rhythm symptoms can be particularly challenging because some symptoms overlap with those experienced during perimenopause and menopause . Heart palpitations during menopause are extremely common and are often linked to fluctuating hormone levels, particularly changes in oestrogen. Oestrogen has important effects on the cardiovascular system, and hormonal fluctuations can influence both heart rate and the perception of heartbeat sensations. Women frequently describe: A sudden awareness of their heartbeat Fluttering sensations in the chest Brief episodes of a rapid heartbeat Feeling that the heart has missed or skipped a beat Palpitations occurring alongside hot flushes or anxiety In many cases, menopausal palpitations are benign and improve over time. However, symptoms should not automatically be attributed to hormonal changes alone. Persistent, severe or new symptoms may warrant further investigation to exclude an underlying heart rhythm disorder or other medical condition. What Can Trigger Heart Palpitations? Several factors can contribute to palpitations and heart rhythm changes, including: Stress and anxiety Poor sleep quality Excess caffeine consumption Alcohol intake Smoking Thyroid disorders Anaemia High blood pressure Existing cardiovascular disease Certain medications Understanding and addressing these contributing factors can often help reduce symptoms. Supporting Heart Health During Midlife and Beyond Protecting cardiovascular health is important at every stage of life, particularly during and after menopause when cardiovascular risk naturally increases. Practical ways to support heart health include: Stay Physically Active Regular exercise supports cardiovascular fitness, helps maintain a healthy weight and can improve blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Follow a Heart-Healthy Diet A Mediterranean-style diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, oily fish, nuts and healthy fats has been shown to support long-term heart health. Prioritise Sleep Poor sleep can contribute to palpitations, increased stress levels and cardiovascular risk. Reduce Smoking and Excess Alcohol Both smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are associated with an increased risk of heart rhythm disorders and cardiovascular disease. Manage Stress Mindfulness, meditation, yoga, breathing exercises and regular physical activity may help reduce stress-related palpitations. Attend Regular Health Checks Routine monitoring of blood pressure, cholesterol, blood glucose levels and cardiovascular risk factors can help identify problems early. When Should You Seek Urgent Medical Attention? Seek immediate medical advice if you experience: Chest pain or pressure Severe shortness of breath Fainting or loss of consciousness Sudden prolonged episodes of rapid heartbeat Symptoms suggestive of a stroke, such as facial drooping, speech difficulties or weakness on one side of the body These symptoms may indicate a serious underlying condition requiring urgent assessment. The Importance of Listening to Your Heart World Heart Rhythm Week serves as an important reminder that heart health is about more than blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Understanding your body's signals, recognising symptoms early and seeking appropriate medical advice can help prevent complications and support long-term wellbeing. At Bristol Menopause Clinic, we understand that symptoms experienced during perimenopause and menopause can sometimes overlap with cardiovascular conditions. Taking a holistic approach ensures women receive appropriate assessment, reassurance and support for both hormonal health and overall wellbeing. Concerned about your heart health? Our comprehensive Wellwoman Health Checks are designed to assess key aspects of your cardiovascular and overall health, helping to identify potential risk factors before they become problems. If you'd like a clearer picture of your health during midlife and beyond, speak to our team about booking your assessment today. Book your Wellwoman Health Check and take control of your future health. Book here References Arrhythmia Alliance. Heart Rhythm Awareness Resources. British Heart Foundation. Understanding Arrhythmias and Atrial Fibrillation. NHS. Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Rhythm Disorders Guidance. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Atrial Fibrillation: Diagnosis and Management (NG196). British Menopause Society. Menopause and Cardiovascular Health Guidance. Wellwoman Checks Get in Touch If you would like a personal Wellwoman Check, or are suffering from any of the symptoms of the menopause and would like to learn more, please head to our contact page to book an appointment. You'll be so glad you did! Contact Us

< Back Understanding the Different Types of Coils: A Guide to Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) Wellbeing When it comes to contraception, intrauterine devices (IUDs), commonly referred to as coils, offer a highly effective and long-term solution for women looking to avoid pregnancy. Despite their effectiveness, many women remain unsure about the differences between the various types of coils available. In this blog post, we will explore the different types of coils, how they work, their benefits, and potential side effects. What is a Coil? A coil is a small, T-shaped device that is inserted into the uterus by a healthcare professional. It provides contraception by either releasing hormones or using copper to prevent fertilisation. Coils are highly effective, with a success rate of over 99%, making them one of the most reliable forms of contraception available. Types of Coils There are two main types of coils available in the UK: the hormonal intrauterine system (IUS) and the non-hormonal intrauterine device (IUD). 1. Hormonal Coil (IUS – Intrauterine System) The hormonal coil releases a small amount of progestogen (a synthetic form of the hormone progesterone) into the uterus. This hormone thickens the cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg, thins the lining of the uterus to prevent implantation, and in some cases, suppresses ovulation. Types of Hormonal Coils Available in the UK: Mirena – Effective for up to five years, Mirena is often prescribed to help manage heavy periods as well as for contraception and can be the progestogen part of your HRT Levosert – Similar to Mirena, this coil lasts for up to six years and is also used for managing heavy menstrual bleeding. This can also be part of your HRT. Kyleena – A lower-dose hormonal coil that lasts up to five years, often chosen for its smaller size. Jaydess – Lasting up to three years, Jaydess is another low-dose option designed for those who prefer a shorter-term hormonal method. Benefits of the Hormonal Coil: Can lighten or stop periods altogether, which is beneficial for those with heavy menstrual bleeding. Provides long-lasting contraception with minimal effort. Suitable for women who cannot tolerate oestrogen-based contraception (such as the combined pill). May reduce period pain and symptoms of endometriosis. Potential Side Effects: Irregular bleeding or spotting in the first few months. Hormonal side effects such as headaches, breast tenderness, or mood changes. In rare cases, the coil can be expelled or displaced. 2. Non-Hormonal Coil (IUD – Intrauterine Device) The non-hormonal coil, commonly referred to as the copper coil, works by releasing copper into the uterus, which creates an inhospitable environment for sperm, preventing fertilisation. Types of Copper Coils Available in the UK: TT380 Slimline – One of the longest-lasting IUDs, effective for up to ten years. Nova-T 380 – A smaller copper coil suitable for women who have not given birth, lasting up to five years. UT 380 Short – Designed for women with smaller uteruses or those who have never been pregnant. Benefits of the Non-Hormonal Coil: Does not contain hormones, making it a great option for those who experience side effects from hormonal contraception. Provides immediate contraception upon insertion. Can last between five and ten years, depending on the type. Can be used as emergency contraception if inserted within five days of unprotected sex. Potential Side Effects: Can cause heavier, longer, or more painful periods, especially in the first few months after insertion. There is a small risk of infection in the first 20 days after insertion. In rare cases, it can be expelled or displaced. Which Coil is Right for You? Choosing the right coil depends on individual health needs, lifestyle, and personal preferences. The hormonal coil is often recommended for those who experience heavy or painful periods, while the non-hormonal coil is a good option for those who prefer to avoid hormonal contraception. A healthcare professional can help assess your medical history and discuss the best option based on your needs. If you are considering a coil, it is essential to have a consultation with a Healthcare professional to understand the benefits and risks in relation to your health. Insertion and Removal Process Both types of coils require insertion by a trained healthcare professional. The procedure usually takes around 5-10 minutes and can cause mild discomfort or cramping. Pain relief, such as ibuprofen, can be taken beforehand to ease discomfort. Once inserted, a follow-up check may be recommended to ensure the coil is in place. We have Amy our specialist nurse here at Bristol Menopause clinic who does monthly Saturday coil clinics. Removal is a straightforward process and can be done at any time by a healthcare professional. Fertility typically returns to normal immediately after removal. The coil is a reliable and effective contraceptive option that suits many women. Whether you prefer a hormonal or non-hormonal method, understanding the differences between the types of coils can help you make an informed choice. If you are considering a coil, speak to a healthcare provider to determine the best option for your lifestyle and health needs. Get in Touch If you would like a personal Wellwoman Check, or are suffering from any of the symptoms of the menopause and would like to learn more, please head to our contact page to book an appointment. You'll be so glad you did! Contact Us

< Back Why Many Women Are Misdiagnosed in Midlife (and How to Get the Right Care) HRT, Menopause Advice, Post Menopause The Silent Struggle of Women in Midlife. For many women, their 40s and 50s come with a cascade of mysterious health symptoms fatigue, anxiety, joint pain, brain fog, weight gain, and irregular periods. Yet, when they seek medical help, they’re often told: "It’s just stress." "You’re depressed, here’s an antidepressant." "It’s normal aging—nothing to worry about." But what if these symptoms are actually hormonal shifts linked to perimenopause and menopause? The truth is, many women in midlife are misdiagnosed or dismissed, leading to years of unnecessary suffering. This blog explores: Commonly overlooked conditions during perimenopause Why women’s symptoms are often misunderstood How to advocate for better healthcare. If you’ve felt unheard or misdiagnosed, you’re not alone—but with the right knowledge, you can take control of your health and life. Why Women in Midlife Are Often Misdiagnosed The Medical System Wasn’t Designed for Perimenopause Historically, women’s health research has been underfunded, and medical training often lacks education on perimenopause and menopause. Many doctors are trained to recognise menopause only when periods stop completely, but perimenopause can last 5-10 years before that. Symptoms of hormonal changes mimic other conditions (like depression, thyroid disease, or autoimmune disorders), leading to misdiagnosis. The Fix: Find a menopause specialist or doctor trained in hormonal health. Women’s Symptoms Are Often Dismissed as “Psychological” Did you know? Women are more likely than men to be prescribed antidepressants for unexplained symptoms—when the root cause is actually hormonal. Mood swings, anxiety, and brain fog are common symptoms of perimenopause due to fluctuating oestrogen and progesterone. Instead of investigating hormone levels, many women are told they have anxiety, depression, or burnout. The Fix: If your symptoms started in your 40s or 50s, ask your doctor: “Could this be perimenopause?” “Can we discuss hormone testing or HRT options?” Commonly Overlooked Conditions in Perimenopause Many women are misdiagnosed with other conditions when perimenopause is the culprit. Thyroid Disorders vs. Perimenopause Symptoms that Overlap: Fatigue, brain fog, weight changes, hair thinning Mood swings, anxiety, depression Irregular periods What’s Happening? Declining oestrogen impacts thyroid function, making perimenopausal women more likely to develop hypothyroidism. Thyroid disorders are often overlooked or not tested properly. What to Ask Your Doctor: “Can we check full thyroid function (TSH, Free T3, Free T4, thyroid antibodies)?” Depression & Anxiety vs. Hormonal Changes Symptoms that Overlap: Low mood, loss of motivation, increased anxiety Irritability, anger, panic attacks What’s Happening? Oestrogen and progesterone affect serotonin and dopamine (brain chemicals that regulate mood). Fluctuations in perimenopause can mimic depression or anxiety. Antidepressants may help some women but don’t address the root hormonal cause. What to Ask Your Doctor: “Could my mood symptoms be related to hormonal fluctuations?” “Can we discuss HRT as an option instead of (or alongside) antidepressants?” Fibromyalgia vs. Menopausal Joint Pain Symptoms that Overlap: Muscle and joint pain Fatigue and sleep disturbances Brain fog What’s Happening? Oestrogen supports joint lubrication and muscle recovery—low oestrogen increases pain sensitivity. Many women with menopausal joint pain are misdiagnosed with fibromyalgia. What to Ask Your Doctor: “Could my joint pain be hormone-related?” “Are there lifestyle or HRT options to help?” IBS (irritable bowel syndrome) vs. Oestrogen-Related Gut Issues Symptoms that Overlap: Bloating, constipation, diarrhoea Food intolerances Unpredictable digestion What’s Happening? Oestrogen and progesterone influence gut motility and microbiome health. Low oestrogen affects gut bacteria, leading to bloating and IBS-like symptoms. What to Ask Your Doctor: “Could my digestive symptoms be linked to perimenopause?” “Would probiotics or dietary changes help?” How to Work with Your Doctor for Better Care If you suspect perimenopause but aren’t getting the help you need, here’s how to advocate for yourself: Track Your Symptoms Keep a journal of: Changes in mood, sleep, energy, digestion Irregular periods or new symptoms Any triggers (stress, diet, sleep changes) Why? Having clear records makes it easier to discuss concerns with your doctor. Ask for the Right Tests Many doctors only check basic hormone levels, but in perimenopause, hormones fluctuate daily, making single tests unreliable. Recommended Tests for Midlife Women: Comprehensive Hormone Panel – Oestrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone, FSH, LH –these maybe difficult to get on the NHS. Thyroid Function – TSH, Free T3, Free T4, Thyroid Antibodies Vitamin Deficiencies – Vitamin D, B12, Iron, Magnesium Explore Treatment Options (Beyond Antidepressants) If your doctor immediately prescribes antidepressants or dismisses your symptoms, ask about: HRT (Hormone Replacement Therapy): Proven to relieve perimenopausal symptoms and protect long-term health Lifestyle changes: Strength training, diet adjustments, stress reduction Supplements: Magnesium, Omega-3s, adaptogens (like ashwagandha) Pro Tip: Find a BMS (British Menopause Society) Specialist or menopause-literate doctor who understands hormonal health. You Deserve the Right Diagnosis & Care Misdiagnosis in midlife is common—but it’s NOT normal. Your symptoms are real, and they deserve attention. If your doctor isn’t listening, seek a second opinion. Knowledge is power—track your symptoms, ask the right questions, and advocate for better care. Perimenopause is a natural transition, but you don’t have to suffer—there are treatments that work! Act Today: If you suspect perimenopause but feel unheard, book an appointment with a menopause specialist—because your health matters. Get in Touch If you would like a personal Wellwoman Check, or are suffering from any of the symptoms of the menopause and would like to learn more, please head to our contact page to book an appointment. You'll be so glad you did! Contact Us

< Back NEW STUDY REVEALS: Diet CAN impact Endometriosis symptoms! Diet, Alternative Therapies, Wellbeing A ground breaking study from the University of Edinburgh found that cutting out gluten, dairy, caffeine & alcohol helped many women reduce endometriosis-related pain. ⁠ Endometriosis, a condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the womb, affects approximately one in ten women of reproductive age in the UK. This often leads to chronic pain, fatigue, and fertility issues. A recent ground breaking study from the University of Edinburgh offers new hope, suggesting that specific dietary changes may significantly alleviate the pain associated with this condition. The Guardian Key Findings from the Study The international survey, encompassing 2,599 participants, is the largest of its kind to explore the relationship between diet and endometriosis. The results are compelling: The Guardian Gluten and Dairy: 45% of participants who eliminated gluten or dairy from their diets reported a reduction in pain. The Guardian+1AOL+1 Caffeine: 43% experienced pain relief after reducing caffeine intake. The Guardian+1MDPI+1 Alcohol: 53% noted decreased pain levels upon cutting back on alcohol consumption. Frontiers+6The Guardian+6AOL+6 Professor Philippa Saunders, senior author of the study and professor of reproductive steroids at the University of Edinburgh, emphasized the significance of these findings: The Guardian “It really feels like we are on the cusp of something pretty big with understanding how diet affects endometriosis symptoms. It is so important for women if they feel they can do something for themselves to tackle the pain of endometriosis – that is tremendously empowering.” The Guardian Understanding the Connection While the exact mechanisms remain under investigation, researchers propose several explanations for the observed benefits: Gut Health and Inflammation: Eliminating gluten and dairy may positively influence gut bacteria, leading to reduced inflammation—a known contributor to endometriosis pain. The Guardian Sleep Quality: Reducing caffeine intake can enhance sleep quality, and since pain perception is heightened with poor sleep, this could explain the alleviation of symptoms. Hormonal Influence: Alcohol can mimic oestrogen in the body, potentially exacerbating endometriosis symptoms. Limiting alcohol intake might help in managing these effects. A Holistic Approach to Management Traditionally, endometriosis management has relied on surgery or hormonal treatments, both of which come with limitations and potential side effects. The prospect of dietary modifications offers a non-invasive, self-empowering strategy for symptom relief. SpringerLink+1The Guardian+1 It's important to note that while these findings are promising, individual responses can vary. Consulting with healthcare professionals before making significant dietary changes is advisable to ensure nutritional needs are met and to tailor strategies to individual health profiles. Looking Forward This study marks a significant step toward understanding the role of diet in managing endometriosis. Further research is needed to establish definitive dietary guidelines, but the current evidence provides a hopeful avenue for those seeking alternative methods to alleviate their symptoms. Empowering women with actionable strategies enhances their quality of life and fosters a proactive approach to health management. As research continues to unfold, the integration of dietary considerations into endometriosis care holds the promise of more comprehensive and personalised treatment options. This is NOT a cure, but it may offer significant relief in helping manage the chronic pain associated with endometriosis! Get in Touch If you would like a personal Wellwoman Check, or are suffering from any of the symptoms of the menopause and would like to learn more, please head to our contact page to book an appointment. You'll be so glad you did! Contact Us

< Back Menopause-Friendly Skincare & Dermal Health Alternative Therapies, HRT, Managing Symptoms, Self-Care, Wellbeing Have you noticed your skin changing as you approach midlife? Perhaps it's feeling drier, more sensitive, or less firm than it used to. These changes are common in the menopausal years due to declining oestrogen levels, but the good news is there are effective ways to care for your skin. What Happens to Skin During Menopause? Oestrogen supports collagen production, skin elasticity, and hydration. As levels drop, you may notice: Dry or itchy skin Fine lines and wrinkles Increased sensitivity Slower healing or bruising These changes are normal but can feel unsettling if they appear suddenly or progress quickly. Evidence-Based Skincare Tips Gentle cleansers : Avoid harsh foaming products; opt for cream-based or micellar water-based cleansers. Moisturise regularly : Use ceramide-rich or hyaluronic acid-based moisturisers to help maintain the skin barrier. Sun protection : Use a broad-spectrum SPF daily, even on cloudy days. Avoid irritants : Fragrance-free and alcohol-free products can reduce sensitivity. How HRT Can Help Hormone Replacement Therapy may help improve skin texture and hydration by restoring oestrogen levels. While HRT is not prescribed solely for skin concerns, many women notice skin benefits when using it for other menopausal symptoms. Professional Support If you have ongoing skin concerns, consider consulting a dermatologist familiar with hormonal skin changes. Some topical treatments and prescription options may offer further benefit. Skincare during menopause doesn’t have to be complex. With the right support and a consistent routine, your skin can stay healthy, radiant, and resilient. Want expert advice on menopausal skincare or HRT options? Book an appointment with our clinic and let us guide you through the changes with confidence. Get in Touch If you would like a personal Wellwoman Check, or are suffering from any of the symptoms of the menopause and would like to learn more, please head to our contact page to book an appointment. You'll be so glad you did! Contact Us

< Back Understanding PMDD: Symptoms, Effects, and Management Alternative Therapies, Exercise, Diet, Managing Symptoms, Stress, Self-Care, Wellbeing Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a severe and often debilitating form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) that affects up to 5-8% of women of reproductive age, although my feeling is that many women have been misdiagnosed or even had their symptoms ignored. While PMS is common and typically involves mild discomfort, PMDD significantly impacts mental and physical well-being, disrupting daily life. Understanding PMDD is the first step towards finding effective ways to manage it, both medically and holistically. What Is PMDD? PMDD is a chronic condition linked to hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle, particularly in the luteal phase (the week or two before menstruation begins). Though the exact cause isn't fully understood, PMDD is believed to involve an abnormal response to normal hormonal changes, particularly oestrogen and progesterone, which affect serotonin levels in the brain. This imbalance can lead to emotional, cognitive, and physical symptoms that severely impact quality of life. Symptoms of PMDD The symptoms of PMDD often resemble those of PMS but are more intense and disruptive. They typically occur in the days leading up to menstruation and subside once the period begins, although they can linger longer and not disappear until the middle or end of your period. Common symptoms include: Emotional Symptoms: Severe mood swings Intense irritability or anger Anxiety and tension Feelings of hopelessness or depression Difficulty concentrating Suicidal Physical Symptoms: Fatigue or lack of energy Bloating and abdominal pain Breast tenderness Headaches Muscle or joint pain Behavioral Symptoms: Changes in appetite (e.g., overeating or food cravings) Difficulty sleeping (insomnia or hypersomnia) Withdrawal from social activities or relationships These symptoms can lead to significant emotional distress, strained relationships, and challenges in the workplace or at home. Effects of PMDD Living with PMDD can feel overwhelming, especially if symptoms are misunderstood or dismissed. Without proper support and management, PMDD can lead to: Mental Health Challenges: Increased risk of depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts. Relationship Strain: Emotional volatility can affect personal and professional relationships. Reduced Quality of Life: Disrupted routines, absenteeism from work, and difficulty maintaining social commitments. Recognising the seriousness of PMDD and seeking appropriate treatment is essential for reclaiming control over your life. Managing PMDD: Medical and Holistic Approaches There is no one-size-fits-all solution for managing PMDD, but a combination of medical treatments and holistic strategies can help reduce symptoms and improve well-being. Here’s a breakdown: Medical Management Antidepressants (SSRIs): Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as fluoxetine or sertraline, can alleviate emotional symptoms by stabilising serotonin levels. These are often taken daily or just during the luteal phase. However, be aware that these may not always work. Hormonal Treatments: Birth control pills : Certain formulations can help regulate hormonal fluctuations. It is important to use newer combined pill formulations and if you are thinking of trying the Mirena coil to down regulate your cycle it is worth trying the Progestogen only pill first, as it is reversible. GnRH agonists : These suppress ovulation and stabilise hormone levels but are typically reserved for severe cases due to potential side effects. HRT may well be an option, but all treatment options need to be carefully initiated and should be individualised for each woman. Pain Relief: Over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen or mefenamic acid can help manage physical symptoms such as cramps and headaches. Nutritional Supplements: Calcium, magnesium, and vitamin B6 may reduce the severity of some symptoms, though it’s important to consult a healthcare professional before starting supplements to ensure you are using the right dose. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT can be an effective therapy for managing the emotional impact of PMDD. It helps individuals develop coping strategies and reframe negative thought patterns. Holistic and Lifestyle Approaches Dietary Changes: Reduce caffeine, alcohol, and sugar intake to stabilise mood and energy levels. Incorporate anti-inflammatory foods like leafy greens, berries, and fatty fish to reduce bloating and discomfort. Ensure you are eating small regular snacks. Regular Exercise: Physical activity boosts endorphins and improves mood. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise, such as walking, yoga, or swimming, most days of the week. Stress Management: Mindfulness and Meditation: Practices like deep breathing or guided meditation can help reduce anxiety and improve emotional balance. Journaling: Writing down your thoughts and tracking symptoms can provide insight into patterns and triggers. Sleep Hygiene: Prioritise consistent sleep schedules and create a relaxing bedtime routine to improve overall energy and resilience. It is really important to have a good sleep routine. Herbal Remedies: Chasteberry (Vitex agnus-castus): May help alleviate some hormonal symptoms. St. John’s Wort: Can be beneficial for mild depression but consult a doctor before use. Acupuncture: Some women find acupuncture helpful for relieving both emotional and physical symptoms of PMDD. When to Seek Help If PMDD symptoms significantly impact your daily life or mental health, it’s crucial to seek professional support. A healthcare provider can help diagnose PMDD and develop a tailored treatment plan. Remember, you don’t have to suffer in silence—help is available. Conclusion PMDD is a serious condition that deserves recognition and effective management. By combining medical treatments with holistic strategies, you can regain control and improve your quality of life. If you’re struggling with PMDD, Bristol Menopause Clinic is here to provide compassionate care and expert guidance. Contact us today to learn more about how we can support you on your journey to wellness. Get in Touch If you would like a personal Wellwoman Check, or are suffering from any of the symptoms of the menopause and would like to learn more, please head to our contact page to book an appointment. You'll be so glad you did! Contact Us

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